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Radiation Protection Dosimetry Advance Access published online on October 19, 2007
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm446
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

THORIUM IN ILMENITE AND ITS RADIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE

P. P. Haridasan*, P. M. B. Pillai, R. M. Tripathi and V. D. Puranik

Environmental Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Health Physics Unit, Indian Rare Earths Ltd, Udyogamandal 683 501, Kerala, India

* Corresponding author: hpuire{at}vsnl.net

Received July 18, 2007, amended August 23, 2007, accepted September 3, 2007

This study gives the results of measurements of 232Th and 228Ra in the titanium mineral ilmenite and its derived products and an assessment of related radiological issues in mineral separation and titanium dioxide production plants in India. The concentrations of 232Th and 228Ra in ilmenite, synthetic rutile and TiO2 are presented along with percent distribution of the radionuclides in different stages of process. External gamma exposure rates and airborne thorium levels in plants processing such minerals are studied. The study estimated a potential external gamma exposure of 1 mSv and an inhalation dose of 0.7 mSv annually to the occupational worker due to the presence of naturally occurring radioactive material in these industries. The concentrations of the nuclides in liquid effluent and solid wastes are analysed, and disequilibria with respect to 228Ra are observed.


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