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Radiation Protection Dosimetry Advance Access published online on October 31, 2007
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, doi:10.1093/rpd/ncm301
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

CONTRIBUTION OF INTERNAL EXPOSURES TO THE RADIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT

M. I. Balonov1,*, L. R. Anspaugh2, A. Bouville3 and I. A. Likhtarev4

1 International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse, 5, PO Box 100, Vienna, A-1400, Austria
2 University of Utah, PO Box 777777, Henderson, NV 89077, USA
3 National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
4 Ukrainian Centre for Radiation Medicine, Melnikova Street, 53, 04050 Kyiv, Ukraine

* Corresponding author: m.balonov{at}iaea.org

The main pathways leading to exposure of members of the general public due to the Chernobyl accident were external exposure from radionuclides deposited on the ground and ingestion of contaminated terrestrial food products. The collective dose to the thyroid was nearly 1.5 million man Gy in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine with nearly half received by children and adolescents. The collective effective dose received in 1986–2005 by ~five million residents living in the affected areas of the three countries was ~50 000 man Sv with ~40% from ingestion. That contribution might have been larger if countermeasures had not been applied. The main radionuclide contributing to both external and internal effective dose is 137Cs with smaller contributions of 134Cs and 90Sr and negligible contribution of transuranic elements. The major demonstrated radiation-caused health effect of the Chernobyl accident has been an elevated incidence of thyroid cancer in children.


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