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Radiation Protection Dosimetry Advance Access originally published online on February 5, 2007
Radiation Protection Dosimetry 2006 122(1-4):210-220; doi:10.1093/rpd/ncl496
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

INVITED PAPER

Cell signalling mechanisms and the control of cell life and death

O. Sapora* and B. Di Carlo

Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy

* Corresponding author: orsapora@iss.it

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   INTRODUCTION
 
In every organism the general metabolism from cells to tissues and organs is highly coordinated and controlled by a complex signalling network that operates over several orders of magnitude in the spatio-temporal scale. This organisation is clearly identified in the definition of signalling events: autocrine, between single neighbour cells of the same type, paracrine, between cells of different types in the same tissue, and endocrine, when the target is far away in the organism from the origin of signal. The network involves both extracellular and intracellular signalling mechanisms, including quick responses, such as protein modifications and changes in Ca2+ concentrations as well as slow responses such as transcriptional regulation, cell migration, cell-cycle control, cell proliferation and cell death(1,2).

The mechanism of cell signalling is based on protein phosphorylation (Ph) and dephosphorylation (dPh) reactions(3,4). The importance of such reactions is given by the presence of >1000 protein kinases in . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   CELL MEMBRANE AS SIGNALLING STATION
 

   SIGNALLING THROUGH A RECEPTOR
 

   PROTEIN KINASES
 

   CELL-CYCLE CONTROL
 

   CELL CYCLE CHECK-POINTS
 

   MEMBRANE LIPID STRUCTURE AND SIGNALLING
 

   CONCLUSIONS
 

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