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Radiation Protection Dosimetry Advance Access originally published online on July 26, 2005
Radiation Protection Dosimetry 2006 118(1):32-42; doi:10.1093/rpd/nci328
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Rat testis as a radiobiological in vivo model for radionuclides

G. Grafström1,*, B.-A. Jönsson1, A. M. El Hassan2, J. Tennvall2 and S.-E. Strand1

1 Departament of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden
2 Department of Oncology, Lund University, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden

* Corresponding author: Gustav.grafstrom{at}radfys.lu.se

Received March 11, 2005, amended June 14, 2005, accepted June 27, 2005

The radiobiological effect of intracellularly localised radionuclides emitting low energy electrons (Auger electrons) has received much attention. Most in vivo studies reported have been performed in the mouse testis. We have investigated the rat testis as an in vivo radiobiological model, with sperm-head survival, testis weight loss and also alteration in the blood plasma hormone levels of FSH and LH as radiobiological endpoints. Validation of the rat testis model was evaluated by using mean absorbed doses of up to 10 Gy from intratesticularly (i.t.) injected 111In oxine or local X-ray irradiation. Biokinetics of the i.t. injected radionuclide was analysed by scintillation camera imaging and used in the absorbed dose estimation. By the analysis of the autoradiographs, the activity distribution was revealed. Cell fractionation showed 111In to be mainly associated with the cell nuclei. External irradiations were monitored by thermoluminescence dosimeters. The sperm-head survival was the most sensitive radiobiological parameter correlated to the mean absorbed dose, with a D37 of 2.3 Gy for 111In oxine and 1.3 Gy for X rays. The levels of plasma pituitary gonadal hormones FSH and LH were elevated for absorbed doses >7.7 Gy. This investigation shows that the radiobiological model based on the rat testis has several advantages compared with the previously commonly used mouse testis model. The model is appropriate for further investigations of basic phenomena such as radiation geometry, intracellular kinetics and heterogeneity, crucial for an understanding of the biological effect of low-energy electrons.


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