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Radiation Protection Dosimetry 7:41-44 (1984)
© 1984 Oxford University Press

Experimental Investigation on Diffusion and Inhalation of 222Rn and 220Rn from Building Materials

K.H. Folkerts, G. Keller and H. Muth

A metallic hemisphere was placed onto the surface of the material to be examined. The increase in activity of 222Rn and 220Rn inside the hemisphere by exhalation from the sample was continuously measured by electrostatic deposition of 218Po and 216Po ions onto the surface of a surface barrier detector located inside the hemisphere. Measurements of the exhalation rates of a large number of samples showed values in the range of 0.5 x 10-4 to 50 x 10-4.m-2.s-1 for 222Rn and 10-2 to 10-1 Bq.m-2.s-1 for 220Rn. Model calculations of the resulting activity concentrations of 222Rn in dwellings based on the measured exhalation rates showed good agreement with the range of 222Rn concentrations observed in dwellings in the Federal Republic of Germany. Special experiments were performed to examine the diffusion coefficients of 222Rn and 220Rn in building materials. The effective diffusion coefficients observed were in the range between 6.8 x 10-10 m2.s-1 (heavy concrete) and about 1.7 x 10-6 m2.s-1 (gypsum), depending on the porosity of the material.


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