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Radiation Protection Dosimetry 62:13-18 (1995)
© 1995 Oxford University Press

Low Intensity Radiation: Radiobiological Aspects

E.B. Burlakova

Biochemical, biophysical and functional properties of the genetic and membrane apparatus of the cell have been considered in mice exposed to radiation in the wide range of doses of 6 to 1800 mGy with the radiation intensity of 4.1 x 10-3 and 41 x 10-3 mGy.min-1. Properties considered include adsorption of DNA on nitrocellulose filters, genome restructuring, microvisocisty of lipids of nuclear, mitochondrial, microscomatic, plasmatic membranes, and composition and antioxidsing activity of membrane lipids, activity and regulatory properties of the membrane and cytosolic enzymes of organs and tissues. It was shown that the dose dependence of the changes in the investigated properties is of a non-linear polymodal (bimodal) nature. The first low dose maximum was observed at doses of 10 to 50 mGy. The value of the maximum and the dose at which it was observed depend on the subject's nature, the radiation intensity and the time passed after irradiation. An essential factor is that sensitivity to other damaging effects of molecules, cells, organs and animals changes after exposure to low dose radiation. The indices of health of people exposed to low dose irradiation also change. The bimodal dose-dependence of the effect was illustrated by the leucoses death rate. The explanation is given in terms of the changes in the relation between the quantity of damage and the activity of repair systems induced by low dose irradiation.


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